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The evolution of advanced inverter-based resources (IBR) is closely coupled with the growth of their applications in electric power networks. Most applications of inverters during this transition were grid-following (GFL) inverters. As IBRs gradually displaced rotating synchronous generators in electric power grid applications, issues such as the behavior of low-inertia grids, local needs for voltage support, and ride-though requirements led to the first interconnection requirements. The initial DER standard, IEEE Std 1547-2003, had to be adapted to the new context and led to the revised standard, IEEE Std 1547–2018 and later the IEEE Std 2800–2022 for transmission IBR systems. In this article, the various inverter operating modes and functions of modern inverters are described. A focus on the comparison of GFL and grid-forming (GFM) inverters based on a more comprehensive white paper developed by the SCC-21 Task Force on Advanced Inverters supporting industry standards is needed in the next few years to reduce system-wide IBR events on the electric system.
Featured Articles
- Alternative Way to Develop Small-Signal Models of Power ConvertersThe small-signal model of a switch-mode power converter is a useful tool in understanding its dynamic behavior and designing a proper compensator. In the power electronics community, people derive small-signal models almost always by perturbation and then extracting the small ac components manually from the whole system equations. This process is not systematic and potentially… Read more: Alternative Way to Develop Small-Signal Models of Power Converters
- Proposing a Duty Cycle Based Repetitive Drain Overvoltage Specification for GaN HEMTsTransient voltage overshoot is a common phenomenon in wide bandgap (WBG) power semiconductors due to high frequency and fast switching applications. An application driven repetitive transient off-state overvoltage datasheet specification is desired for design engineers. In this work, a 1% duty-cycle-based overvoltage specification is proposed by estimating the total lifetime before the dynamic RDS( on)… Read more: Proposing a Duty Cycle Based Repetitive Drain Overvoltage Specification for GaN HEMTs
- Learning-by-Doing: Design and Implementation of a Solar Array Simulator With a SYNDEM Smart Grid Research and Educational KitTopics in control and power electronics play a pivotal role in the transition of power systems from centralized generation to distributed generation, the electrification of transportation, and the improvement of the lives of billions in developing countries. Numerous active sources, such as wind farms, solar farms, distributed energy resources, electric vehicles, energy storage systems, and… Read more: Learning-by-Doing: Design and Implementation of a Solar Array Simulator With a SYNDEM Smart Grid Research and Educational Kit
- Sustainability of Power Electronics and Batteries: A Circular Economy ApproachPower electronics and battery energy storage are the key enabling technologies for high-efficiency energy conversions to realize green transition. With an increasing demand for electrification, renewable energy integration, and energy saving, more and more power electronics and batteries are being utilized. Consequently, their impact on the environment becomes of great concern, as they are responsible… Read more: Sustainability of Power Electronics and Batteries: A Circular Economy Approach
- Wide Bandgap Power to Electrify Our World for a Sustainable FutureIn this article we look at how we can most efficiently “Electrify our World” to reduce emissions and meet net-zero goals by using wide bandgap semiconductors. Based on third party verified life-cycle analysis and sustainability reporting, this article will show how GaN and SiC enable not only CO2 reductions through in-use efficiency but can also… Read more: Wide Bandgap Power to Electrify Our World for a Sustainable Future
- Energy Efficiency is Not Enough!In its latest report, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concludes that any further increase of global temperatures aggravates climate-related risks like species losses, extreme heat and humidity with significant consequences for human health, or negative impacts on food production and water availability; the projected negative outcomes escalate with higher temperature increases [1] .… Read more: Energy Efficiency is Not Enough!
Industry News
- Navitas Launches Fourth Gen GaN TechnologyEyeing a broader applications range, Navitas Semiconductor has released its fourth generation (4G) gallium nitride (GaN) technology for demanding, high-power applications in datacenters, solar /energy storage and electric vehicle (EV) markets, where efficiency, power density and robust and reliable operations… Read more: Navitas Launches Fourth Gen GaN Technology
- Driving Semiconductor Manufacturing in EuropePrompted by the encouraging results of the U.S. semiconductor manufacturing initiative introduced about a year ago, the council of the European Union (EU) in July 2023 approved a €43 billion ($47.5 billion) plan called Chips Act to develop more fabs… Read more: Driving Semiconductor Manufacturing in Europe
- EPC Sues China-Based Innoscience in Federal Court and the ITC for Patent InfringementEl Segundo, California based Efficient Power Conversion Corporation (EPC), a global supplier of gallium nitride (GaN) FETs and power ICs, has filed complaints in federal court and in the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) against Guangdong China based Innoscience (Zhuhai)… Read more: EPC Sues China-Based Innoscience in Federal Court and the ITC for Patent Infringement
- Trystar Acquires Oztek to Bolster Presence in Renewables MarketTo strengthen its presence in renewables market, industrial power products manufacturer Trystar, based in Faribault, MN, has acquired Merrimack, NH based Oztek Corp, a manufacturer of commercial and industrial power conversion and power electronics products. The acquisition deal was closed… Read more: Trystar Acquires Oztek to Bolster Presence in Renewables Market
Columns & Departments
- PSMA Corner– Power Technology Roadmap: Forecasting the FutureIn a world where the demand for electrical power is surging due to the proliferation of IoT edge devices, electric vehicles, and cloud computing, the Power Technology Roadmap… Read more: PSMA Corner– Power Technology Roadmap: Forecasting the Future
- Women in Engineering– Developing a Leadership Career Path at ECCE 2023The Power Electronics Society’s five-year strategic plan includes enhancing career support and development programs. This focus on career development was clearly seen at IEEE Energy Conversion Congress &… Read more: Women in Engineering– Developing a Leadership Career Path at ECCE 2023
- Industry Pulse– Report from BeijingAs a power electronics professional, but also a consumer, you are likely seeing frequent news stories about electric vehicles (EVs), and perhaps have driven or even own an… Read more: Industry Pulse– Report from Beijing
- Students and Young Professionals Rendezvous– The 2023 Year-End Report and 2024 PreviewIn the last calendar year, there were many changes within the organization, and it included a challenge to increase the purview of the Students and Young Professionals (S&YP)… Read more: Students and Young Professionals Rendezvous– The 2023 Year-End Report and 2024 Preview
- In Memoriam– Remembering Prof. P. C. Sen: A Leader, Visionary, Educator, and a MentorProf. Paresh Chandra (“P. C.”) Sen, professor emeritus in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen’s University at Kingston, Ontario, Canada, passed away in Kingston on 22… Read more: In Memoriam– Remembering Prof. P. C. Sen: A Leader, Visionary, Educator, and a Mentor